Bermondsey's industries were centred on two activities: leather working and food processing. A plentiful supply of water aided the former, along with much cheap labour.

Tanning pits containing hides and a variety of often unpleasant substances were a characteristic feature of the area for many centuries.

The Grange Tannery was originally run by Samuel Barrow & Brothers, but later came under the management of Barrow, Hepburn & Gale, one of the largest firms in the area.